人工ç¥èœ
AlphaEvolve: Google DeepMindã®AGIã«åããç»æçãªäžæ©

Google DeepMindãçºè¡šãã ã¢ã«ãã¡ãšãã«ãã¯ãæ°ããã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãšç§åŠç解決çãèªåŸçã«çºèŠããããã«èšèšãããé²ååã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ãšãŒãžã§ã³ãã§ãã ãAlphaEvolve: ç§åŠçããã³ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ççºèŠã®ããã®ã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ãšãŒãžã§ã³ã" ãã®ç ç©¶ã¯ã 人工ç¥èœïŒAGIïŒ ãããŠããã è¶ äººå·¥ç¥èœ (ASI)AlphaEvolve ã¯ãéçãªåŸ®èª¿æŽã人éãã©ãã«ä»ãããããŒã¿ã»ããã«é Œãã®ã§ã¯ãªããèªåŸçãªåµé æ§ãã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã®é©æ°ãç¶ç¶çãªèªå·±æ¹åã«éç¹ã眮ãããŸã£ããç°ãªãéãæ¡çšããŠããŸãã
AlphaEvolveã®æ žãšãªãã®ã¯ãèªå·±å®çµåã®é²åãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã§ããã å€§èŠæš¡èšèªã¢ãã« (LLM)ãã®ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã¯åã«åºåãçæããã ãã§ãªããäžä»£ãè¶ ããŠã³ãŒããå€åãããè©äŸ¡ããéžæããæ¹åããŸããAlphaEvolveã¯åæããã°ã©ã ããå§ãŸããæ éã«æ§é åããã倿Žãå°å ¥ããããšã§ãå埩çã«æ¹è¯ããŠãããŸãã
ãããã®å€æŽã¯ãLLMãçæããå·®åïŒéå»ã®äŸãšæç€ºçãªæç€ºã«åºã¥ããŠèšèªã¢ãã«ãææ¡ããã³ãŒãä¿®æ£ïŒã®åœ¢ã§æäŸãããŸãããœãããŠã§ã¢ãšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã«ããããå·®åããšã¯ããã¡ã€ã«ã®2ã€ã®ããŒãžã§ã³éã®å·®ç°ãæããéåžžã¯åé€ãŸãã¯çœ®æãã¹ãè¡ãšè¿œå ãã¹ãè¡ã匷調衚瀺ããŸããAlphaEvolveã§ã¯ãLLMãçŸåšã®ããã°ã©ã ãåæããããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ã¡ããªã¯ã¹ãšéå»ã®æåããç·šéãå«ãããã³ããã«åºã¥ããŠã颿°ã®è¿œå ãã«ãŒãã®æé©åããã€ããŒãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å€æŽãšãã£ãå°ããªç·šéãææ¡ããããšã§ããããã®å·®åãçæããŸãã
ä¿®æ£ãããåããã°ã©ã ã¯ãã¿ã¹ã¯ã«åãããŠèª¿æŽãããèªåè©äŸ¡ããŒã«ãçšããŠãã¹ããããŸããæã广çãªåè£ã¯ä¿åãåç §ãããå°æ¥ã®ååŸ©äœæ¥ã®ã€ã³ã¹ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãšããŠåçµåãããŸãããã®é²åã®ã«ãŒãã¯ãæéã®çµéãšãšãã«ããŸããŸãæŽç·Žãããã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã®åºçŸã«ã€ãªããããã°ãã°äººéã®å°éå®¶ãèšèšããã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãåé§ããŸãã
AlphaEvolveã®èåŸã«ããç§åŠãçè§£ãã
AlphaEvolveã®æ žãšãªãååã¯ã é²åèšç®çç©é²åã«çæ³ãåŸã人工ç¥èœã®åéããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãã³ãŒãã®åºæ¬å®è£ ããå§ãŸãããããåæã®ãçç©ããšããŠæ±ããŸããAlphaEvolveã¯äžä»£ãéããããšã«ãã®ã³ãŒããä¿®æ£ãïŒå€ç°ãã€ãŸããçªç¶å€ç°ããå°å ¥ïŒãæç¢ºã«å®çŸ©ãããã¹ã³ã¢ãªã³ã°é¢æ°ãçšããŠåå€ç°ã®é©å¿åºŠãè©äŸ¡ããŸããæãåªããå€ç°ãçãæ®ããæ¬¡äžä»£ã®ãã³ãã¬ãŒããšããŠæ©èœããŸãã
ãã®é²åã®ã«ãŒãã¯ä»¥äžãéããŠèª¿æŽãããŸãã
- ããã³ãããµã³ããªã³ã°: AlphaEvolve ã¯ã以åã«æåããã³ãŒã ãµã³ãã«ãããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ ã¡ããªãã¯ãããã³ã¿ã¹ã¯åºæã®æç€ºãéžæããŠåã蟌ãããšã§ããã³ãããæ§ç¯ããŸãã
- ã³ãŒãã®å€æŽãšææ¡: ãã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ã匷å㪠LLM (Gemini 2.0 Flash ãš Pro) ãçµã¿åãããŠäœ¿çšââããçŸåšã®ã³ãŒãããŒã¹ã«å¯Ÿããç¹å®ã®å€æŽã diff ã®åœ¢åŒã§çæããŸãã
- è©äŸ¡ã¡ã«ããºã : èªåè©äŸ¡æ©èœã¯ãååè£è ã®ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãå®è¡ããã¹ã«ã©ãŒ ã¹ã³ã¢ãè¿ãããšã§è©äŸ¡ããŸãã
- ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãšã³ã³ãããŒã©ãŒ: 忣ã³ã³ãããŒã©ãŒã¯ãã®ã«ãŒãã調æŽããçµæãé²åããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã«ä¿åããMAP-Elites ãªã©ã®ã¡ã«ããºã ãéããŠæ¢çŽ¢ãšæŽ»çšã®ãã©ã³ã¹ããšããŸãã
ãã®ãã£ãŒãããã¯è±å¯ãªèªååãããé²åããã»ã¹ã¯ãæšæºçãªåŸ®èª¿æŽææ³ãšã¯æ ¹æ¬çã«ç°ãªããŸããAlphaEvolveã¯ãæ¬æ°ã§é«æ§èœããããŠæã«ã¯çŽæã«åãããœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãçã¿åºãããšãå¯èœã«ãªããæ©æ¢°åŠç¿ãèªåŸçã«éæã§ããéçãæŒãåºããŸãã
AlphaEvolveãšRLHFã®æ¯èŒ
AlphaEvolveã®é©æ°æ§ãçè§£ããã«ã¯ã次ã®ãã®ãšæ¯èŒããããšãéèŠã§ãã 人éã®ãã£ãŒãããã¯ããã®åŒ·ååŠç¿ (RLHF)å€§èŠæš¡ãªèšèªã¢ãã«ã埮調æŽããããã«äœ¿çšãããäž»èŠãªã¢ãããŒãã§ãã
RLHFã§ã¯ã人éã®å¥œã¿ãå©çšããŠå ±é ¬ã¢ãã«ãèšç·ŽãããããLLMã®åŠç¿ããã»ã¹ãå°ãã 匷ååŠç¿ 次ã®ãããªã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãããã·ãã«ããªã·ãŒæé©åïŒPPOïŒRLHF ã¯ã¢ãã«ã®æŽåãšæçšæ§ãåäžãããŸããããã£ãŒããã㯠ããŒã¿ãçæããããã«äººéã®å€å€§ãªé¢äžãå¿ èŠã§ãããéåžžã¯éç㪠1 åéãã®åŸ®èª¿æŽäœå¶ã§åäœããŸãã
å¯Ÿç §çã«ãAlphaEvolve ã§ã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããŸãã
- æ©æ¢°ã§å®è¡å¯èœãªè©äŸ¡è ãåªå ããŠãã«ãŒããã人éã«ãããã£ãŒãããã¯ãåé€ããŸãã
- é²åçéžæãéããŠç¶ç¶çãªåŠç¿ããµããŒãããŸãã
- 確çççªç¶å€ç°ãšéåæå®è¡ã«ãããã¯ããã«åºããœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ç©ºéãæ¢çŽ¢ããŸãã
- åã«æŽåãããœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã ãã§ãªãã å°èª¬ ç§åŠçã«ãæçŸ©æ·±ãã
RLHFãè¡åã埮調æŽããã®ã«å¯ŸããAlphaEvolve㯠çºèŠãã ã çºæãããã®åºå¥ã¯ãAGI ã«åããå°æ¥ã®è»éãèããäžã§éåžžã«éèŠã§ããAlphaEvolve ã¯ããåªããäºæž¬ãè¡ãã ãã§ãªããçå®ãžã®æ°ããªéãèŠã€ããŸãã
ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãšãã¬ãŒã¯ã¹ã«ãŒ
1. ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã«ããçºèŠãšæ°åŠã®é²æ©
AlphaEvolveã¯ãã³ã¢ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã åé¡ã«ãããŠç»æçãªçºèŠãè¡ãèœåãå®èšŒããŠããŸãããç¹ã«æ³šç®ãã¹ãã¯ãããã4åã®ã¹ã«ã©ãŒä¹ç®ã§4ã€ã®48Ã1969è€çŽ æ°å€è¡åãä¹ç®ãã驿°çãªã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãçºèŠããããšã§ããããã¯ã49幎ã«Strassenãéæãã56åã®ä¹ç®ãšããçµæãäžåããXNUMX幎éãã®éä¿æãããŠããçè«äžã®éçãæã¡ç ŽããŸãããAlphaEvolveã¯ãé«åºŠãªãã³ãœã«åè§£æè¡ãçšããŠãããéæãããããå€ãã®å埩åŠçãçµãŠé²åãããããã€ãã®æå ç«¯ææ³ãäžåãæ§èœãéæããŸããã
AlphaEvolveã¯è¡åä¹ç®ä»¥å€ã«ããæ°åŠç ç©¶ã«å€å€§ãªè²¢ç®ãããŸãããçµåãè«ãæ°è«ã幟äœåŠãšãã£ãåéã«ããã50以äžã®æªè§£æ±ºåé¡ã§è©äŸ¡ãããçŽ75%ã®ã±ãŒã¹ã§æ¢ç¥ã®çµæãšäžèŽããçŽ20%ã§ãããäžåããŸããããããã®æåã«ã¯ããšã«ãã·ã¥ã®æå°éè€åé¡ã®æ¹è¯ã11次å ã«ãããããã·ã³ã°æ°åé¡ã®ããçš å¯ãªè§£ããããŠããå¹ççãªå¹ŸäœåŠçãããã³ã°æ§æãªã©ãå«ãŸããŸãããããã®çµæã¯ã人éã®ä»å ¥ãªãã«ãããæé©ãªè§£ãæ¹è¯ãå埩ãé²åããããèªåŸçãªæ°åŠçæ¢ç©¶è ãšããŠã®AlphaEvolveã®èœåã匷調ããŠããŸãã
2. Googleã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã¹ã¿ãã¯å šäœã®æé©å
AlphaEvolve ã¯ãGoogle ã®ã€ã³ãã©ã¹ãã©ã¯ãã£å šäœã§ç®ã«èŠããããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ã®åäžããããããŸããã
- In ããŒã¿ã»ã³ã¿ãŒã®ã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒã«å瀟ã¯ããžã§ãã®é çœ®ãæ¹åããæ°ããªãã¥ãŒãªã¹ãã£ãã¯ãçºèŠãã以åã¯åãæ®ãããŠããã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã° ãªãœãŒã¹ã® 0.7% ãå埩ããŸããã
- ãžã§ããã®ãã¬ãŒãã³ã°ã«ãŒãã«AlphaEvolve ã¯ãè¡åä¹ç®ã®ããã®ããåªããã¿ã€ãªã³ã°æŠç¥ãèæ¡ããã«ãŒãã«ã®é床ã 23% åäžããããã¬ãŒãã³ã°æéãå šäœã§ 1% ççž®ããŸããã
- In TPUåè·¯èšèšå瀟ã¯ãRTLïŒã¬ãžã¹ã¿è»¢éã¬ãã«ïŒã§ã®ç®è¡ããžãã¯ã®ç°¡çŽ åãç¹å®ãããšã³ãžãã¢ã«ãã£ãŠæ€èšŒãããæ¬¡äžä»£ã® TPU ãããã«çµã¿èŸŒãŸããŸããã
- ãŸããæé©åããã ã³ã³ãã€ã©çæã®FlashAttentionã³ãŒã XLA äžé衚çŸãç·šéããããšã§ãGPU ã§ã®æšè«æéã 32% åæžããŸãã
ãããã®çµæãåããããšãèšå·æ°åŠããäœã¬ãã«ã®ããŒããŠã§ã¢æé©åãŸã§ãè€æ°ã®æœè±¡åã¬ãã«ã§åäœããçŸå®äžçã§ã®ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹åäžãå®çŸãã AlphaEvolve ã®èœåãæ€èšŒãããŸãã
- é²ååããã°ã©ãã³ã°: çªç¶å€ç°ãéžæãç¶æ¿ã䜿çšããŠãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãå埩çã«æ¹è¯ãã AI ãã©ãã€ã ã
- ã³ãŒãã®è¶ æé©å: 颿°ã®æãå¹ççãªå®è£ ãèªåçã«æ€çŽ¢ããŸããå€ãã®å Žåãé©ãã¹ããçŽæã«åããæ¹åãåŸãããŸãã
- ã¡ã¿ããã³ããã®é²å: AlphaEvolve ã¯ã³ãŒããé²åãããã ãã§ãªããLLM ãžã®æç€ºã®äŒéæ¹æ³ãé²åãããã³ãŒãã£ã³ã° ããã»ã¹ã®èªå·±æ¹è¯ãå¯èœã«ããŸãã
- 颿£åæå€±: æ°åŠçããã³èšå·çãªæçãã«ãšã£ãŠéèŠãªãåºåãåæŽæ°ãŸãã¯æŽæ°å€ã«æããããšãä¿ãæ£èŠåçšèªã
- å¹»èŠåªå€±: äžéãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã«ã©ã³ãã æ§ãå°å ¥ããæ¢çŽ¢ãä¿é²ããŠå±æçæå°å€ãåé¿ããã¡ã«ããºã ã
- MAP-Elitesã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã : ããŸããŸãªç¹åŸŽæ¬¡å ã«ããã£ãŠé«æ§èœãªãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®å€æ§ãªéå£ãç¶æããå ç¢ãªã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ãå¯èœã«ãããåè³ªå€æ§æ§ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã®äžçš®ã§ãã
AGIãšASIãžã®åœ±é¿
AlphaEvolveã¯åãªãæé©åè£ çœ®ã§ã¯ãããŸãããç¥çãšãŒãžã§ã³ããåµé çãªèªåŸæ§ãçºæ®ã§ããæªæ¥ãå£éèŠãããšãã§ããã®ã§ããæœè±¡çãªåé¡ãå®åŒåããç¬èªã®è§£æ±ºæ¹æ³ãèšèšãããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã®èœåã¯ãæ±çšäººå·¥ç¥èœïŒAGAIïŒãžã®å€§ããªäžæ©ã§ããããã¯ããŒã¿äºæž¬ã«ãšã©ãŸãããæ§é åæšè«ãæŠç¥åœ¢æããã£ãŒãããã¯ãžã®é©å¿ãšãã£ããç¥çè¡åã®ç¹åŸŽã䌎ããŸãã
仮説ãç¹°ãè¿ãçæããæŽç·Žãããèœåã¯ãæ©æ¢°ã®åŠç¿æ¹æ³ã®é²åã瀺åããŠããŸããèšå€§ãªããŒã¿ãå¿ èŠãšããã¢ãã«ãšã¯ç°ãªãã ç£ç£ä»ããã¬ãŒãã³ã°AlphaEvolveã¯ãå®éšãšè©äŸ¡ã®ã«ãŒããéããŠèªå·±æ¹åãè¡ããŸãããã®åçãªç¥èœã«ãããè€éãªåé¡ç©ºéãããã²ãŒããã匱ã解決çãæšãŠããã匷ã解決çãåäžãããããšãã§ããŸãã人éã®çŽæ¥çãªç£èŠã¯å¿ èŠãããŸããã
AlphaEvolveã¯ãèªãã®ã¢ã€ãã¢ãå®è¡ãæ€èšŒããããšã§ãçè«å®¶ãšå®éšå®¶ã®äž¡æ¹ã®åœ¹å²ãæãããŸããäºåå®çŸ©ãããã¿ã¹ã¯ã®å®è¡ã«ãšã©ãŸãããèªåŸçãªç§åŠããã»ã¹ãã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒãããçºèŠã®é åãžãšèžã¿èŸŒã¿ãŸããææ¡ãããæ¹åã¯ãã¹ãŠãã¹ãããã³ãããŒã¯ããããŠåçµ±åãããéçãªç®æšã§ã¯ãªããå®éã®çµæã«åºã¥ããŠç¶ç¶çãªæ¹è¯ãå¯èœã«ãªããŸãã
ããããæã泚ç®ãã¹ãã¯ãAlphaEvolveãååž°çèªå·±æ¹åã®å é§çãªäŸã§ãããšããããšã§ããããã¯ãAIã·ã¹ãã ãåŠç¿ããã ãã§ãªããèªãã®æ§æèŠçŽ ã匷åãããã®ã§ããAlphaEvolveã¯ãããã€ãã®ã±ãŒã¹ã«ãããŠãèªèº«ã®åºç€ã¢ãã«ãæ¯ããåŠç¿ã€ã³ãã©ã¹ãã©ã¯ãã£ãæ¹åããŸãããçŸåšã®ã¢ãŒããã¯ãã£ã«ã¯ãŸã éçããããã®ã®ããã®æ©èœã¯å äŸãšãªãã§ããããè©äŸ¡å¯èœãªç°å¢ã§ããå€ãã®åé¡ãæ±ãããããã«ãªãã°ãAlphaEvolveã¯ãäººå·¥è¶ ç¥èœïŒASIïŒã®åºæ¬çãªç¹æ§ã§ãããããæŽç·Žãããèªå·±æé©åçãªè¡åãžãšã¹ã±ãŒã«ã¢ããããŠããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
éçãšå°æ¥ã®è»é
AlphaEvolveã®çŸåšã®éçã¯ãèªååãããè©äŸ¡é¢æ°ã«äŸåããŠããããšã§ãããã®ããããã®æçšæ§ã¯æ°åŠçãŸãã¯ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã çã«åœ¢åŒåã§ããåé¡ã«éå®ãããŠããŸãã人éã®æé»ã®çè§£ã䞻芳çãªå€æããããã¯ç©ççãªå®éšãå¿ èŠãšããé åã§ã¯ããŸã ææçŸ©ã«åäœãããããšãã§ããŸããã
ãã ããå°æ¥ã®æ¹åæ§ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
- ãã€ããªããè©äŸ¡ã®çµ±å: èšå·çæšè«ãšäººéã®å¥œã¿ããã³èªç¶èšèªã«ããæ¹è©ãçµã¿åãããã
- ã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ç°å¢ã«å±éããå ·äœåãããç§åŠå®éšãå¯èœã«ããŸãã
- é²åããåºåãåºæ¬ LLM ã«èžçãããã髿§èœã§ãµã³ãã«å¹çã®é«ãåºç€ã¢ãã«ãäœæããŸãã
ãããã®è»è·¡ã¯ãèªåŸçãã€é倧ãªåé¡è§£æ±ºãå¯èœãªãšãŒãžã§ã³ãã·ã¹ãã ããŸããŸãå¢ããŠããããšã瀺ããŠããŸãã
ãŸãšãïŒ
AlphaEvolveã¯ãAIããŒã«ã ãã§ãªããæ©æ¢°ç¥èœãã®ãã®ãžã®çè§£ã«ãããŠãã倧ããªåé²ã§ããé²åçæ¢çŽ¢ãšLLMæšè«ããã³ãã£ãŒãããã¯ãèåããããšã§ãæ©æ¢°ãèªåŸçã«çºèŠã§ãããã®ãåå®çŸ©ããŸããããã¯ãçã®ç§åŠçæèèœåãåããèªå·±æ¹åã·ã¹ãã ããã¯ãçè«äžã®ãã®ã§ã¯ãªãããšã瀺ããåææ®µéãªããéèŠãªã·ã°ãã«ã§ãã
å°æ¥çã«ã¯ãAlphaEvolveã®åºç€ãšãªãã¢ãŒããã¯ãã£ã¯ãèªèº«ã«ãååž°çã«é©çšãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããã€ãŸããèªèº«ã®è©äŸ¡åšãé²åãããçªç¶å€ç°ããžãã¯ãæ¹åããã¹ã³ã¢ãªã³ã°é¢æ°ãæ¹è¯ããäŸåããã¢ãã«ã®åŠç¿ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ãæé©åããŠããã®ã§ãããã®ååž°çãªæé©åã«ãŒãã¯ãAGIã«åããããŒãã¹ãã©ããã®ããã®æè¡çã¡ã«ããºã ã§ãããã·ã¹ãã ã¯åã«ã¿ã¹ã¯ãå®äºããã ãã§ãªããåŠç¿ãšæšè«ãå¯èœã«ããã€ã³ãã©ã¹ãã©ã¯ãã£ãã®ãã®ãæ¹åããŸãã
AlphaEvolveãããè€éã§æœè±¡çãªé åã«æ¡å€§ãããã®ããã»ã¹ã«ããã人éã®ä»å ¥ãæžå°ããã«ã€ããŠãæéã®çµéãšãšãã«ç¥èœã®åäžãå éããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãããã®èªå·±åŒ·åçãªååŸ©çæ¹åãµã€ã¯ã«ã¯ãå€éšã®åé¡ã ãã§ãªããå éšçã«ã¯èªèº«ã®ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã æ§é ã«ãé©çšãããçè«äžã®éèŠãªèŠçŽ ãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã AGIãšããã瀟äŒã«ããããã§ããããã¹ãŠã®å©çåµé æ§ãèªåŸæ§ããããŠååž°æ§ãèåãããAlphaEvolveã¯ãåã« ãã£ãŒããã€ã³ãã§ã¯ãªããåããŠã®çã«æ±çšçã§èªå·±é²åãã人工ç¥èœã®éåçãšãªãã§ãããã